高考英语:
用主格代词还是用宾格代词
主格代词和宾格代词的用法是近几年高考试题考查的热点之一,许多考生因为没有掌握好这方面的知识而常常出错失分。请先看下面这道高考题:
( NMET 2003 )- Susan, go and join your sister cleancing the yard.
- Why ______? John is sitting there doing nothing.
A. him B. he C. I D. me
此题的正确答案是 D .
下面我们探讨一下在什么情况下用主格代词,在什么情况下用宾格代词。
1. 英语口语中习惯上用人称代词的宾格作表语。例如:
It's me. 是我。( It's I. 为正式用法。)
What would you do if you were him?
如果你是他,你怎么办?
I didn't expect the winner to be her.
我没有料到获胜者会是她。
2. 宾格代词常出现在下面这样的感叹句中:
( 1 )- He's got to repay the money.
他必须偿还这笔钱。
- Poor him! 他真倒霉!
( 2 )- She won the match. 她赢得了比赛。
- Lucky her! 她真走运!
3. 如果作主语的人称代词孤立地用于无谓语动词的句子中,常用宾格代词。在省略句中通常用宾格代词。例如:
( 1 )- I like watching TV. 我喜欢看电视。
- Me, too. 我也喜欢。
( 2 )- Who wants a lift to the station?
谁想搭便车去车站?
- Me!
我!
( 3 )- Does anybody want another orange?
谁还要桔子?
- Me! 我要!
4. 作主语的人称代词与 not 或 why 连用时,常用宾格代词。例如:
( 1 )- Someone will have to answer for it.
有人会为此负责。
- Not you or me.
不是你也不是我。
( 2 )- Why me? 为什么是我?
- I was no duty yesterday.
我昨天值班了。
值得注意的是,在上述句式中,通常用第一人称代词的宾格作主语,其它人称的代词较少见。
5. 在 as 和 than 后面也有用主格代词或宾格代词两种可能性。在口语里习惯上用宾格代词,在正式文体中用主格代词。例如:
My younger brother is as tall as me. / My younger brother is as tall as I ( am ) .
我弟弟和我一样高。
He is much stronger than me. / He is much stronger than I ( am ) .
他比我强壮得多。
6. 在强调句中有用主格代词或宾格代词作主语两种可能性。在正式文体中用主格代词,在非正式文体中用宾格代词。例如:
It was me that told the police.
是我告诉警察的。(非正式文体)
It is I who will take charge of the class meeting tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午将由我主持班会。(正式文体)
7. 在非正式文体中,可以用 who 代替 whom 作宾语,但在正式文体中多用 whom 作宾语,而在介词后面只能用 whom 作宾语。例如:
Who are you going with?
你和谁一起去?(非正式文体)
Whom do you decide to send to the countryside?
你们决定派谁去农村?(正式文体)
Who did you shake hands with?
你和谁握手了?(非正式文体)
With whom did you shake hands?
高考英语:
用主格代词还是用宾格代词